80 marks · 3 hours · 36 questions · Based on lesson Notes & PYQ patterns
Full syllabus · Fiction-heavy long answers
36 Q · 80 marks
Full syllabus · Poetry & reading focus
36 Q · 80 marks
Full syllabus · Writing & nation-builders
36 Q · 80 marks
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Q1. Why does Thiruvalluvar describe fortitude as maintaining equanimity in success and failure?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: True fortitude means remaining calm and balanced whether one succeeds or fails.
Q2. What shift occurs when Tagore speaks of 'words from the depth of truth'?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Tagore moves from outward social issues to inner moral life — truthful speech from the heart.
Q3. In Kipling's 'If', Triumph and Disaster are called 'impostors' because:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Both success and failure are deceptive extremes; treat them alike to keep composure.
Q4. Who wrote 'An Astrologer's Day'?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: R.K. Narayan — opens Malgudi Days; published 1947.
Q5. According to Bacon, using studies too much for ornament leads to:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Affectation — pretentious display of learning in conversation.
Q6. In 'After Twenty Years', Jimmy Wells remains a policeman. This symbolises:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Jimmy upholds law and order even when it conflicts with loyalty to Bob.
Q7. Bholi's real name is:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Sulekha — called 'Bholi' (simpleton) because of her stammer and pock-marks.
Q8. Tilak's newspapers Kesari and Maratha were used to:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: To spread nationalist ideas and mobilise public opinion.
Q9. Office memos are:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Memos are internal — neither letters nor notices; direct and brief.
Q10. The most important part of a professional email is:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Subject must be brief, complete, and action-oriented (e.g. URGENT: Book Order).
Q11. True or False: Bob's diamond scarf pin suggests he became wealthy and successful in the West.
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: True. His diamond pin, watch and boastful manner show material success — though he became a wanted criminal.
Q12. True or False: Mathilde's dissatisfaction arises from actual starvation and homelessness.
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: False. She had a comfortable life; she longed for luxury and felt humiliated by modest means.
Q13. True or False: The King was satisfied with the learned men's answers and rewarded them.
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: False. Their answers conflicted; the King sought the hermit in disguise.
Q14. True or False: Bacon says studies serve delight, ornament and ability — not delight alone.
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: True. Three uses: private delight, discourse ornament, and judgment in business.
Q15. True or False: Children of drug-addicted parents may face neglect and vulnerability to abuse.
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: True. Neglect and emotional scars can lead to anxiety and vulnerability to substance abuse.
Q16. Why did people feel drawn to the astrologer at Town Hall Park? (Answer in 30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: People were drawn like bees to flowers. His saffron turban, sacred ash, vermilion, gleaming eyes and professional gear gave a prophetic appearance that attracted gullible clients.
Q17. Why did Bholi talk very little as a child? (Answer in 30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Bholi talked very little because she stammered. Other children mocked and mimicked her, so she avoided speaking and kept mostly silent.
Q18. What does 'narrow domestic walls' mean in Tagore's poem? (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Petty, narrow-minded divisions and prejudices — caste, creed and selfish boundaries that confine thought instead of allowing free broad-minded thinking.
Q19. To whom is the poem 'If' addressed and what is its genre? (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Addressed to Kipling's son; it is a didactic poem teaching moral virtues and composure through life's trials.
Q20. According to the stress passage, breakfast is called 'brain food' because: (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Breakfast fuels the brain for concentration and energy during study and examination — proper nutrition supports mental performance.
Q21. What was Gandhiji's mantra for the people during the freedom struggle? (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: 'Do or Die' — we shall either free India or die in the attempt; every breath should express resolve for freedom.
Q22. How is Thirukkural structured? (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: 1330 couplets in 133 chapters (adhikarams) — classical Tamil ethical wisdom on virtue, wealth and love.
Q23. What item does Mathilde borrow from Madame Forestier? (Answer in 30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: A superb diamond necklace from Forestier's jewel box to wear at the ministerial ball so she would not look poor among wealthy women.
Q24. What is the hermit's answer about the most important time? (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: The most important time is now — only the present is in our power; past and future cannot be controlled.
Q25. Why use formal salutation and complimentary close in a job application? (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: They demonstrate professionalism and respect toward the employer, creating a favourable first impression.
Q26. Why did the astrologer's answers satisfy his clients though he knew no astrology? (Answer in 30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: He knew nothing of stars but used shrewd guesswork — charged three pies, let clients speak ten minutes, and gave relatable lines on marriage, money and character that gullible clients accepted.
Q27. Why did Bishamber demand extra dowry at the wedding? (Answer in 30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: When the veil slipped he saw Bholi's pock-marks and demanded five thousand rupees extra or threatened to leave — revealing greed and contempt.
Q28. What broader vision of society does Tagore present in 'Where the Mind is Without Fear'? (Answer in 30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Society free from fear and narrow walls; free knowledge, truthful words, tireless striving toward perfection, and reason leading to ever-widening thought — awakening into heaven of freedom.
Q29. What would Mahatma Gandhi ask from the Viceroy? (Answer in 30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Nothing short of complete freedom — he would not bargain for ministries or partial reforms; only full independence would satisfy him.
Q30. What is the ultimate goal of drug abuse treatment? (Answer in 30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 3 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Ultimate goal is lasting abstinence; immediate goals are reducing drug use, improving functioning and minimising medical and social harm.
Q31. As Manager, Sahaya Apparel, Mumbai, you ordered shirts but received shoes. Write a complaint letter OUTLINE (address, subject, body points, close).
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Sender address, date, recipient address, salutation, subject; body: order/invoice reference, wrong delivery described, inconvenience stated, specific remedy (replacement) requested; polite close and signature.
Q32. As PRO, VCR Shoes, Chandigarh, write an email OUTLINE to an auditor providing company operation details.
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Clear subject; identify self at top; formal short paragraphs on area of operation, products, scope; offer documents; professional close with designation.
Q33. As Purchase Officer, submit a report OUTLINE to the MD comparing electrical spare-parts vendors and recommending change.
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Formal report: purpose, comparison on quality/price/delivery/service, evidence, recommendation with expected benefits, objective third-person tone.
Q34. Evaluate the role of irony and guilt in the ending of 'An Astrologer's Day'. (Answer in 80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: The fake astrologer deceives Guru Nayak about his enemy's death while carrying guilt for the past stabbing. Irony peaks when he complains of a rupee cheat while having fully deceived Nayak. Learning Nayak survived lifts his burden — partial redemption through deception, not confession. Evening shadows sustained illusion; ending exposes hypocrisy, superstition and quiet relief.
Q35. Evaluate how education empowers Bholi in Abbas's story. Trace her journey from marginalisation to dignity. (Answer in 80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Mocked for stammer and pock-marks, Bholi is sent to school. Her teacher builds confidence with kindness and books. Bishamber's dowry demand exposes greed; Bholi refuses in clear speech, returns dowry and chooses to teach. Education transforms a silent victim into a dignified woman who rejects exploitation.
Q36. Analyse the surprise ending of 'After Twenty Years' and the conflict between friendship and duty. (Answer in 80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Bob keeps the twenty-year promise; Jimmy, now a policeman, recognises wanted criminal Bob. Torn between loyalty and duty, Jimmy sends another officer with a note — honouring the meeting but upholding law. O. Henry's twist shows time changes fortunes; friendship cannot excuse crime; duty to society prevails with compassion.
Q1. What fee did the astrologer charge per question?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Three pies per question; listens at least ten minutes before answering.
Q2. Who wrote 'The Necklace'?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Guy de Maupassant — French short story; twist ending.
Q3. Who wrote 'Three Questions'?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Leo Tolstoy — moral tale about a king and a hermit.
Q4. Who wrote 'Where the Mind is Without Fear'?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Rabindranath Tagore — from Gitanjali tradition; prayer to Almighty.
Q5. Examination stress is experienced by:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Students, teachers and parents all experience examination stress.
Q6. Which festival did Tilak popularise as public celebration?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Ganesh Chaturthi — to unite people and assert cultural identity.
Q7. In a complaint letter you must clearly state:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Specific remedy requested — e.g. replacement of defective goods.
Q8. A formal report should be:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Objective third-person presentation of facts and recommendations.
Q9. Where did Bob and Jimmy agree to meet after twenty years?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: The restaurant where they ate twenty years ago — Bob returns at 10 PM.
Q10. 'If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster / And treat those two impostors just the same' teaches:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Emotional equanimity — neither triumph nor disaster should destroy composure.
Q11. Bacon compares some books to be tasted, others swallowed, and few:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Digested — read deeply and thoroughly assimilated.
Q12. A fresher should highlight in job application:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Education, projects, extracurriculars — never apologise for being fresher.
Q13. Kabir's 'Chalti Chakki' urges:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Self-reflection — life caught between duties like grain between millstones.
Q14. Addiction is compared to diabetes to show it is:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Treatable chronic condition needing long-term care.
Q15. When emailing a stranger, identify yourself:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: At top of body — who you are, why you write, what you need.
Q16. What does Jimmy's action symbolise when he sends another policeman to arrest Bob? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Law and order — Jimmy upholds police duty even when it conflicts with personal loyalty to his old friend Bob.
Q17. Why did Mathilde borrow the necklace? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: She was vain and ashamed of poverty; borrowed jewels to appear wealthy and escape humiliation at the ministerial ball.
Q18. Name Bacon's three uses of studies. (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Delight in solitude, ornament in discourse, and ability in judgment for business and affairs.
Q19. Why is exam failure 'not the end of the world' in Text D? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Geniuses like Ramanujan and Einstein failed exams; failure is temporary — positive thinking and effort continue beyond marks.
Q20. What was the deeper purpose of Tilak's newspapers? (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Spread nationalist ideas, inspire unity and mobilise public opinion against colonial rule.
Q21. Why is a letter to the editor written? (One sentence.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: To express opinion or draw public attention to a social issue through a newspaper for wider reach.
Q22. What is the hermit's answer about the most important person? (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: The most important person is whoever you are with at that moment — you may not meet anyone again.
Q23. What is meant by 'mind is without fear'? (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: People not paralysed by fear or tyranny — they can think, speak and act freely with courage.
Q24. Why does Kipling stress humility with kings and crowds? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Success must not breed arrogance; remain grounded and treat all with equal respect whether kings or common people.
Q25. Résumé differs from CV in that résumé is: (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: One to two pages, tailored to a specific job with bullet points — highly customisable.
Q26. Why did the astrologer position himself next to the groundnut seller? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: The flare above the groundnut heap lit his spot; crisscross of lights and shadows suited his trade and drew the evening crowd.
Q27. Who transformed Bholi into a confident girl? (Answer in about 60 words.)
Suggested length: up to 70 words · 3 marks
0 / 70 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Bholi's school teacher — soft voice, encouragement, colourful picture book, assurance she would read and speak without stammering, nurturing empowerment.
Q28. How does chronic stress affect the immune system per the passage? (40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Chronic stress keeps body in survival mode; cortisol suppresses immune system — body copes with threat rather than healing, increasing illness.
Q29. What broader goal did public Ganesh Chaturthi serve for Tilak? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Assert India's cultural identity against colonial suppression and unite people in shared pride — nationalism through festival.
Q30. Youth involved in drug abuse are associated with which activities? (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 3 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Theft, violence and road rage — unlawful activities harming society.
Q31. Vishal, Pune, writes to the Editor about a polluted pond causing disease. OUTLINE the letter.
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Address, date, The Editor, newspaper, city; subject on pond pollution; body on garbage, disease risk, request municipal action; Yours faithfully.
Q32. Outline professional email Dos and Don'ts from L24 for a new office worker.
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Do: clear subject, identification, context, proofread. Don't: all caps, confidential data, careless Reply All, vague subjects.
Q33. Outline a fresher job application to a software company including résumé points.
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Formal header; opening stating post; education and projects; skills; one-page résumé attached; request interview; Yours sincerely.
Q34. Evaluate vanity as central flaw in 'The Necklace' and the twist ending's message. (80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Mathilde's vanity drives borrowed necklace and ball dream; loss leads to ten years' labour repaying paste jewels. Twist shows suffering exceeded necklace's worth — pride and appearance cost more than material value; unnecessary hardship from ego and silence.
Q35. Apply the hermit's three answers across the narrative of 'Three Questions'. (80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Important time is now; important person is who is before you; important pursuit is doing good for them. King bandages wounded enemy instead of debating — turns revenge to friendship. Wisdom through action not scholars' theories.
Q36. Evaluate Tagore's 'heaven of freedom' and its social ideals. (80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Heaven of freedom is fearless minds, heads held high, no narrow walls, free knowledge, truthful words, tireless striving, reason as clear stream — society awakening to truth, dignity and self-determination beyond colonial shackles.
Q1. Why was Bholi sent to school and not her sisters?
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Parents felt her marriage prospects were hopeless due to stammer and marks.
Q2. The signal for the astrologer to pack up was:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Groundnut vendor blows out his flare — astrologer bundles up.
Q3. The necklace was actually made of:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Paste/imitation — twist ending reveals it was not real diamond.
Q4. Spending too much time only on studies becomes:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Sloth — unwillingness to work; excess study time without action.
Q5. Tagore compares reason to:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Clear stream — clarity of logical thought.
Q6. The poem 'If' is a:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Didactic poem teaching moral virtues.
Q7. Breakfast is called ——— in the stress lesson.
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Brain food — fuels concentration.
Q8. Sardar Patel is remembered for:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Integration of princely states — Hyderabad, Junagadh etc.
Q9. UN drug abuse message promotes healthy choices through:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Sports, positive lifestyle and international cooperation.
Q10. Memo structure includes:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Memo heading: date, To, From, Subject, then body.
Q11. BCC is used to:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Protect addresses and limit Reply All exposure.
Q12. Newspaper report lead paragraph follows:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Inverted pyramid — Who/What/When/Where in lead.
Q13. Job application should be tailored:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Tailored per job — one page, role-specific.
Q14. Kabir stresses true devotion requires:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Inner simran and ethical speech — not hollow show.
Q15. Bob returns after twenty years showing:
How to approach: Read all four options. Eliminate clearly wrong choices. Pick the option that matches the textbook/PYQ fact exactly.
NIOS marking: NIOS Section A awards 1 mark only for the correct option. No partial marking.
Example: Example: Author of 'An Astrologer's Day' → R.K. Narayan (not Tagore or Maupassant).
Common mistakes: Choosing an option that sounds logical but is not in the lesson; confusing similar authors or characters.
Model answer: Time changed both — Bob criminal success, Jimmy policeman.
Q16. How did the astrologer charge for each question? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Three pies per question; stayed silent until client spoke at least ten minutes before offering plausible answers.
Q17. Why did Bholi's parents agree to Bishamber despite her feelings? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: They valued his wealth — big shop, house, bank balance, no dowry; bride's consent did not matter to mother.
Q18. Why does Bob mistake the plainclothes man for Jimmy? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Twenty years changed Jimmy's appearance; Bob expected his old friend at the kept appointment.
Q19. What triad does Bacon recommend for perfecting the mind? (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Reading, conference (discussion) and writing together perfect the mind.
Q20. What is the deeper meaning of Kabir's date tree metaphor? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Outward greatness without usefulness is hollow — tall tree gives no shade, fruit too high; true worth is humble service.
Q21. How does a bondman snap his chains per Gandhi? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: When he considers himself free and tells the master he is a slave no longer — depends on God and own labour.
Q22. Why compare addiction to diabetes? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Shows addiction is treatable chronic condition needing sustained care — not hopeless moral failure alone.
Q23. Why is address written in a formal letter? (One sentence.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Identifies sender and enables recipient to reply — establishes authenticity.
Q24. Why avoid vague email subject 'information'? (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 35 words · 2 marks
0 / 35 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Vague subjects look like spam; state exactly what information or action you need.
Q25. How does official report differ from personal essay? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 2 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Write ONE crisp sentence or two short sentences. Hit the question word (Why/What/Who) in the first line. Use 25–35 words for 2-mark questions.
NIOS marking: 2 marks = one clear point + textbook detail. ½ mark for attempt with wrong fact; 1 mark for partial; 2 marks for accurate complete answer within word limit.
Example: Example (2m): 'He knew no stars but pleased clients through shrewd guesswork, charging three pies and listening ten minutes.'
Common mistakes: Writing a paragraph; missing the specific fact; exceeding 40 words; giving opinion without textual evidence.
Model answer: Report presents objective facts and analysis for decisions — not personal feelings or chatty opinions.
Q26. What does the astrologer's profession reveal about human nature? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Reveals gullibility and love of illusion — people trust vague predictions seeking reassurance; he reads human nature not stars.
Q27. Why did Bholi refuse Bishamber at the wedding? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Bishamber demanded dowry for pock-marks; Bholi refused in clear speech — education gave dignity to reject exploitation.
Q28. Why treat Triumph and Disaster as impostors? (30–40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Both are temporary extremes; neither should destroy integrity — emotional balance in success and failure builds character.
Q29. What stress measure should Rita follow if work is never finished? (30 words.)
Suggested length: up to 40 words · 3 marks
0 / 40 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Managing time — organise priorities and schedule when overwhelmed before exams.
Q30. What did Vivekananda advocate for youth and the poor? (40 words.)
Suggested length: up to 45 words · 3 marks
0 / 45 words
How to approach: Answer in 30–40 words. Structure: point → evidence from text → brief conclusion. Use lesson vocabulary.
NIOS marking: 3 marks = content (2) + expression/clarity (1). PYQ answers name character, event and lesson clearly.
Example: Example (3m): Bholi refuses marriage when Bishamber demands dowry for pock-marks — education gave her voice to reject exploitation.
Common mistakes: Vague generalities; no character names; copying notes verbatim without addressing the question.
Model answer: Education for all especially youth; devoted life to helping poor — developed nation when masses lifted from poverty.
Q31. Outline a newspaper report on a school science exhibition (headline, lead, body points).
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Headline; byline; lead with Who/What/When/Where; chronological body; eyewitness quote; future action — inverted pyramid.
Q32. Outline enquiry letter to a furniture company about office chairs (references, questions).
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Sender address, date, recipient; subject; specific questions on products, price, delivery; references; polite close.
Q33. Outline internal memo as Class Rep reminding students of project deadline.
Suggested length: up to 120 words · 4 marks
0 / 120 words
How to approach: For functional writing: list format elements first (address, date, subject, body points, close). Outline main paragraphs — do not write full letter in exam unless asked.
NIOS marking: 4 marks = format (1) + content covering all bullet points (2) + tone/register (1). NIOS marking schemes credit numbered points.
Example: Complaint: invoice no., defect, remedy requested. Email: subject line, identification, concise body.
Common mistakes: Missing sender/recipient format; rude tone; no specific action requested; ignoring word limit on outlines.
Model answer: Memo format: date, To, From, Subject; direct body with deadline, submission details, contact person; brief close.
Q34. Analyse Tilak and Gandhi as nation builders — methods and ideals. (80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Tilak: Kesari/Maratha, Ganesh Chaturthi, Swaraj birthright, assertive action. Gandhi: complete freedom not partial reform, mental liberation from slavery, Do or Die mass resolve. Both awaken dignity and unity — culture and moral mass struggle complement political independence.
Q35. Create a stress-management plan for exam fever using Section 16.2 measures. (80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Manage time for ten unfilled hours; breakfast as brain food; exercise and hobbies; positive thinking — failure not life's end; share feelings with parents; good study habits; accept optimal not disabling anxiety.
Q36. Synthesise: compare memo, email, report and job letter — purpose, format, tone. (80–100 words.)
Suggested length: up to 110 words · 6 marks
0 / 110 words
How to approach: Plan 80–100 words: introduction (theme) → 2 textual points with examples → conclusion. For 6-mark questions use paragraph form.
NIOS marking: 6 marks = relevance (2) + content depth with examples (3) + organisation/language (1).
Example: Long answer must cite at least two specific details (names, events, quotes) from the lesson notes.
Common mistakes: Only summary without analysis; no examples; one paragraph with no structure; under 60 words.
Model answer: Memo: internal, direct, brief instruction. Email: fast, clear subject, identification, short lines. Report: objective facts, recommendations for decisions. Job application: persuasive formal letter plus tailored résumé. All need clarity, correct format and professional tone.